Análise cinemática da marcha com medidas normalizadas e não-normalizadas em indivíduos hígidos: um estudo experimental / Kinematic gait analysis with normalized and non-normalized measurements in healthy individuals: an experimental study

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar as possíveis relações entre a variável antropométrica comprimento dos membros inferiores e de passada na marcha, com valores naturais e normalizados, em velocidade auto-selecionada e acrescida de 50%, em indivíduos adultos jovens. Foram avaliados 32 sujeitos hígidos adultos entre 18-25 anos. Os deslocamentos corporais nas duas velocidades foram registrados através da técnica de cineantropometria, utilizando o software Skillspector® para quantificar o comprimento da passada entre as médias dos dados normalizadas e não-normalizadas, do segmento direito e do segmento esquerdo. A comparação entre os valores médios das passadas normalizadas e não-normalizadas, nas diferentes velocidades, foi realizada por meio do teste t student (p < 0,05), assim como o grau de associação entre o comprimento da passada e o comprimento do membro inferior, realizada pelo teste de correlação de Pearson (p < 0,05). Sendo assim, nosso estudo constatou uma correlação positiva entre as variáveis estudadas, nas duas velocidades e, uma diferença entre a passada com dados normalizados e não normalizados, em ambas as velocidades. (AU)

The aim of this study was to analyze the possible relationships between the anthropometric variable length of the lower limbs and gait stride, with natural and normalized values, at self-selected speed and increased by 50%, in young adult individuals. 32 healthy adult subjects aged 18-25 years were evaluated. Body movements at both speeds were recorded using the kinanthropometry technique, using the Skillspector® software to quantify the stride length between the normalized and nonnormalized data averages for the right and left segments. The comparison between the mean values of normalized and non-normalized strides, at different speeds, was performed using the Student t test (p < 0.05), as well as the degree of association between stride length and lower limb length, performed by the Pearson correlation test (p < 0.05). Thus, our study found a positive correlation between the variables studied, at both speeds, and a difference between the stride with normalized and non-normalized data, at both speeds. (AU)

Robotic Gait Training for Individuals With Cerebral Palsy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

OBJECTIVE: To identify the effects of robotic gait training practices in individuals with cerebral palsy. DATA SOURCES: The search was performed in the following electronic databases: PubMed, Embase, Medline (OvidSP), Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Web of Science, Scopus, Compendex, IEEE Xplore, ScienceDirect, Academic Search Premier, and Physiotherapy Evidence Database. STUDY SELECTION: Studies were included if they fulfilled the following criteria: (1) they investigated the effects of robotic gait training, (2) they involved patients with cerebral palsy, and (3) they enrolled patients classified between levels I and IV using the Gross Motor Function Classification System. DATA EXTRACTION: The information was extracted from the selected articles using the descriptive-analytical method. The Critical Review Form for Quantitative Studies was used to quantitate the presence of critical components in the articles. To perform the meta-analysis, the effects of the intervention were quantified by effect size (Cohen d). DATA SYNTHESIS: Of the 133 identified studies, 10 met the inclusion criteria. The meta-analysis showed positive effects on gait speed (.21 [-.09, .51]), endurance (.21 [-.06, .49]), and gross motor function in dimension D (.18 [-.10, .45]) and dimension E (0.12 [-.15, .40]). CONCLUSIONS: The results obtained suggest that this training benefits people with cerebral palsy, specifically by increasing walking speed and endurance and improving gross motor function. For future studies, we suggest investigating device configuration parameters and conducting a large number of randomized controlled trials with larger sample sizes and individuals with homogeneous impairment.

Influence of a preventive training program on lower limb kinematics and vertical jump height of male volleyball athletes.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the influence of a preventative training program (PTP) on sagittal plane kinematics during different landing tasks and vertical jump height (VJH) in males. DESIGN: Six weeks prospective exercise intervention. PARTICIPANTS: Fifteen male volleyball athletes (13 ± 0.7 years, 1.70 ± 0.12 m, 60 ± 12 kg). INTERVENTIONS: PTP consisting of plyometric, balance and core stability exercises three times per week for six weeks. Bilateral vertical jumps with double leg (DL) and single leg (SL) landings were performed to measure the effects of training. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: Kinematics of the knee and hip before and after training and VJH attained during both tasks after training. The hypothesis was that the PTP would produce improvements in VJH, but would not generate great changes in biomechanical behavior. RESULTS: The only change identified for the SL was the longest duration of landing, which represents the time spent from initial ground contact to maximum knee flexion, after training, while increased angular displacement of the knee was observed during DL. The training did not significantly alter the VJH in either the SL (difference: 2.7 cm) or the DL conditions (difference: 3.5 cm). CONCLUSIONS: Despite the PTP's effectiveness in inducing some changes in kinematics, the changes were specific for each task, which highlights the importance of the specificity and individuality in selecting prevention injury exercises. Despite the absence of significant increases in the VJH, the absolute differences after training showed increases corroborating with the findings of statistically powerful studies that compared the results with control groups. The results suggest that short-term PTPs in low risk young male volleyball athletes may enhance performance and induce changes in some kinematic parameters.

Prevalência de lombalgia em praticantes de musculação / Low back pain prevalence in resistance training

O propósito deste estudo foi estimar a prevalência de dor lombar entre praticantes de musculação, bem como estratificar aqueles que acusam este sintoma quanto ao grau de intensidade da dor (severa, moderada e suave). A amostra foi composta de 260 indivíduos do sexo masculino, com idade média de 27,6 anos (± 6,8), praticantes de musculação em academias do bairro do Méier do Rio de Janeiro. O estudo é do tipo descritivo transversal e utilizou como variável discricionária a presença de dor lombar. Os dados foram coletados através do Quebec Back Pain Disability Scale. Como resultado, encontramos que a prevalência de lombalgia entre os participantes foi de 47,3 por cento (n = 123), variando quanto à sua intensidade entre suave (39,8 por cento dos praticantes), moderada (51,2 por cento), severa (8,9 por cento) e apresentando mensalmente (36,6 por cento) as maiores freqüências de queixa da dor. Entre aqueles que alegaram sentir dor 57,7 por cento disseram não sentir dor enquanto praticam musculação. Outro dado importante revela que 68,3 por cento dos que sentem dor não perderam nenhum dia de trabalho devido a esta algia.

The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of low back pain (LBP) in resistance training in gym centers, as well as to stratify those who point out this morbidity in degrees of pain intensity (severe, moderate, light). The participants were 260 male individuals, with average age 27.6 years old (± 6.8), practitioners of resistance training in gym centers at Méier District, Rio de Janeiro city. This was a cross-sectional study that used the low back pain presence as a discretionary variable. Data was collected by Quebec Back Pain Disability Scale. The results showed that low back pain prevalence among the participants was 47.3 percent (n = 123) and pain intensity oscillate between light (39.8 percent of participants), moderate (51.2 percent) and severe (8.9 percent), and monthly (36.6 percent) showed high frequency of pain complaint. On the other hand, 57.7 percent of participants who had LBP reported that during resistance training did not feel pain. Another important data was that 68.3 percent did not miss a day of work due to LBP.